Carbon neutral: Kubudirira kwehupfumi kune hukama nemamiriro ekunze uye nharaunda
Kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuburitsa kabhoni, hurumende yeChinese yakurudzira zvinangwa zve "carbon peak" uye "carbon neutral".Muna 2021, "carbon peak" uye "carbon neutrality" zvakanyorwa mumushumo webasa rehurumende kekutanga.Zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti kabhoni peak uye kusarerekera kabhoni kuchave chimwe chezvakakosha kuChina mumakumi emakore anotevera.
Iyo nzira yeChina yekuwana kabhoni peak uye kusarerekera kabhoni inotarisirwa kukamurwa kuita matanho matatu.Nhanho yekutanga i "nguva yepamusoro" kubva muna 2020 kusvika 2030, apo kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedzwa kwekushandisa kunoderedza kukwira kwekabhoni yakazara.Danho rechipiri: 2031-2045 ndiyo "yakawedzera kudzikisa emission nguva", uye iyo yegore kabhoni yakazara inodzikira kubva mukushanduka kuenda kune yakagadzikana.Nhanho yechitatu: 2046-2060 ichapinda munguva yekudzikisa kwakadzika emission, ichiwedzera kuderera kwekabhoni yakazara, uye pakupedzisira kuzadzisa chinangwa che "net zero emissions".Mune chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi, huwandu hwesimba rinoshandiswa, chimiro, uye hunhu hwesimba system zvichasiyana.
Pachiverengero, maindasitiri ane yakakwira kabhoni emissions anonyanya kunangana musimba, indasitiri, zvekufambisa, uye kuvaka.Iyo indasitiri yesimba nyowani ine nzvimbo huru yekukura pasi peiyo "carbon neutral" nzira.
Iyo "dual carbon target" yepamusoro-level dhizaini inovhenekera mugwagwa wakatsetseka wekuvandudzwa kwemotokari nyowani dzesimba.
Kubva 2020, China yakaunza mitemo yakawanda yenyika uye yemuno kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi matsva, uye kufarirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi matsva kuri kuramba kuchikwira.Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzakabva kuTraffic Management Bureau yebazi rezvekuchengetedzwa kweruzhinji, pakupera kwaChikumi 2021, huwandu hwenhau muChina hwakanga hwasvika 6.03 miriyoni, zvichitora 2.1 muzana yehuwandu hwemotokari.Pakati pavo, pane 4.93 miriyoni yakachena yemagetsi mota.Mumakore matanhatu apfuura, kwave kune zvinopfuura makumi mashanu zvine chekuita nekudyara zviitiko mumunda mutsva wesimba gore rega rega paavhareji, nemari yegore negore inosvika makumi emabhiriyoni emayuan.
Kubva muna Gumiguru 2021, Kune anopfuura zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi manomwe emagetsi emagetsi ane chekuita nemotokari muChina, ayo anopfuura zviuru zvitatu nemazana manomwe emabhizinesi epamusoro-tekinoroji, sekureva kwaTianyan.Kubva 2016 kusvika 2020, avhareji yegore rekukura kwemabhizinesi matsva ane chekuita nemotokari yakasvika 38.6%, pakati payo, kukura kwepagore kwemabhizinesi akakodzera muna 2020 ndiko kwaive kukurumidza, kusvika 41%.
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana kubva kuTianyan Data Research Institute, pakanga paine zviitiko zvinosvika mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu ekubhadhara mari mumunda wemotokari nyowani dzemagetsi pakati pa2006 na2021, iine huwandu hunopfuura mabhiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi maviri eyuan.Kupfuura 70% yemari yakaitika pakati pa2015 na2020, nemari yakazara inodarika mabhiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu eyuan.Kubva pakutanga kwegore rino, simba idzva "goridhe" rakaramba richikwira.Kubva muna Gumiguru 2021, kwave nezviitiko zvezvemari zvinodarika makumi manomwe muna 2021, nehuwandu hwemari inodarika mabhiriyoni makumi masere emayuan, ichipfuura huwandu hwese hwemari muna 2020.
Kubva pamaonero ekugoverwa kwenzvimbo, mazhinji emabhizinesi eChina ekuchaja ane chekuita nemirwi anogoverwa mumaguta ekutanga uye matsva ekutanga, uye mabhizinesi matsva ane chekuita neguta ekutanga anomhanya nekukurumidza.Parizvino, Guangzhou ine nhamba huru kwazvo yekuchaja mabhizinesi ane chekuita nemurwi ane anopfuura zviuru zvinomwe, ari wekutanga muChina.Zhengzhou, Xi 'a Changsha, uye mamwe maguta matsva ekutanga ane 3,500 mabhizinesi ane hukama kupfuura Shanghai.
Parizvino, indasitiri yemotokari yeChina yakagadzira dhizaini yekushandura ye “pure electric drive”, yakatarisana nekubudirira mubhatiri, mota, uye tekinoroji yekudzora tekinoroji, kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwemotokari yemagetsi yakachena uye plug-in hybrid yemotokari yemagetsi indasitiri.Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuwedzera kukuru kwemotokari itsva dzesimba, pachava negomba rakakura mukuchaja kudiwa.Kuti zvizadzise kudiwa kwekuchaja kwemotokari nyowani dzesimba, zvichiri kudikanwa kusimbisa kuvakwa kwenharaunda yakavanzika yekuchaja mirwi pasi pekutsigirwa kwepolicy.